Loom.



Patented `July I0, |900. W. WEAVER.

No. 653,274.A

LOOM.

(Application med mr. 1o, 1000.1

(Nofllodel.)

No. 653,274. Patentedjluiy lo, |900,

W. WEAVER.

LOOM.

l (Application med In. 10, 1909.)

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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Patented July I0, i900. W. WEAVER. Y

LOM.

(Application led. Mdr. 10, 1900.)

8 Sheets-Sheet &5

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No. 653,274. Patented July I0, |900. W. WEAVER.

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(Application filed Mar. 10, 1900.) (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet (i.

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No. 653,274. Patentad July I0, |900.

W. WEAVER.

LOOM.

(Appucation med uw. 1o, 1900.) (No Modal.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 7.

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Patented July lo, |900.

LOOM.

(Application med mr. 10,1900.)

8 Sheets-Sheet (No Model.)

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Afin/way am@ STATES' PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM WEAvEIaM oF NORWALK, CONNECTICUT, AssIeNoE oF sEvEN` TWELFTIIsTow. T. P. HOLLINGSWORTH, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

. LOOM-A srEoIFIoATIoNforming part of Letters Patent No. 653,274., datedJuly 1o, 190e.y

` Application tied March 10,1900. saranno. 8,1185. (Numan.)

-T0 all zoll/1,071?, t may concern,.-

Be it known thatI, WILLIAM WEAVER, of Norwalk, in the county ofFairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Looms, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of narrow-ware looms known asneedle-looms, in which the weft or lilling is carried by a needlethrough the warp-shed in loop form and a selvage-thread is engaged withthe successive filling-loops, so as to make what is commonly termed afast edge, said selvage-thread' being upon a carrier or shuttle whichsometimes has been movable and operated by ap` propriate mechanism tocarry the selvagethread through the successive filling-loops andsometimes has been stationary and com-` bined with some means forcarrying the successive iilling-loops over or around it, so as to engagethe selvage-thread.

The object of my invention is to prevent friction between the lling-loopand the .sel-l vage-thread and strain upon the latter during theoperation of laying the loop in the warpshed (which frequently resultsin the break` age of the thread) and to insure the formation of an evenselvage.

To this end my invention consists of the parts and combinations, which Iwill iirst describe in connection with the accompanyingv drawings,forming part of this specification, and will then more particularlypoint out in` the claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of so much of a loom asneeded to illustrate my invention. Fig, 2 is a vertical sectional detailon enlarged scale, showing the position of parts as the lay has nearlycompleted its backward movement withthe filling-inserting needle aboutto enter the shed, the selvage-thread shuttle or carrier at its extremeoutward'position beyond the outer edge ofthe shed, and thefilling-loop-holding needle in its lowermost position. Fig. 3 is a planof the parts shown in Fig. 2, omitting the filling tension rand take-up.Figs. 4 and 5 are views similarto-Figs. 2 and 3, respectively, with thelay in its extreme backward position and about to move forward to beatup, the filling- 'inserting needle passed fully through the shed, butnot yet having quite completed its traverse movement in this direction,the shuttle in its extreme innermost position within the shed, and thetilling-loop-holding 55 filling-loop. Figs. 8 and 9 are views similar toFigs. 6 and 7, respectively, with the lay just in the act of beating upand the fillingloop-engaging needle moved toward or against the reed andthe edge of the warp. Fig. 10 is afront elevation, mainly diagrammatic,of the loom, showing the parts in the position in which they arerepresented in Figs. 6 and 7. Fig. 11 'is a sectional detail on lines 1111, Fig. 10.

Fig. l2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the selvage-thread carrieron line 12 12 of Fig. 13. i Fig. 13 is a horizontal section of the sameon line 13 13 of Fig. 12. Fig. 14 is aside elevation of theselvage-thread .carrier looking in theA reverse direction from Fig. 12with one of the side plates of said ,carrier removed. Fig. 15 is aperspective view 'of the selvage-thread shuttle or carrier proper,togetherwith the toothed wheel by means of which the lling or weft loopis carried around the shuttle and selvage-thread carried by the latter.'Fig. 16 is an enlarged perspective view, and Fig. 17 is a verticalsection, of .theweftjtension and take-up.

The loom-frame is `shown at ct, and the lay at h,hingedto the frameanddriven by suitable rnechanism. These parts may be of any -usual ordesired construction.

Mounted Aupon jthe lay b in any proper manneris thereed c,`which may beformed in sections corresponding to the number of fabrics Ato be wovenat one time, and uponnthe lay are mounted soas to slide threetraverseba'rs d c f. The bar d carries the filling-inserting needle gfor4 each sectionloftheloom. The bar e carries the selvage-threadcarrier h, and the barf is a toothed or rack bar, which operates themeans by which the filling-loop is caused'to engage the selvage-thre'ad.The traverse-bar d, by whose reciprocatory move# IOO will move the barin one direction and a pull on the other strap will move the bar in the'opposite direction. The rack-bar f is actuated in the same way, savethat while the lling-insertingneedle traverse-bar d is'moved positivelyin both directions the rack-bar is by a cam 8 and lever 9 and strap5moved ypositively in one direction,while its movement in lthe oppositedirection is accomplished by a spiral spring` 10, attached at one end tothe frame of the loom and at the other end to the other strap 6 of therack-bar, as seen in Figs.

land lO. The weft-thread-carrier traversebar e is actuated by mechanismsimilar to that which actuates the horizontal needle traverse-bar d, butlocated on the side of the loom opposite to that shown in Fig. 1. Eachbar d, e, and f has of course its own pair of straps 5 6.

The selvage-thread carrier (whose construction is shown in detail inFigs. 12 to 15) consists of a carrier proper or shuttle h, containingthe selvage-thread bobbin t', (controlled by'any suitable or usualtension,) which car- `rier'is hinged at 11 in the yoke-like or jawed:

front end of a bar or case 12, which contains the parts by which theweft' or filling is carried around the shuttle. The shuttle rests on anarm or support 13, from which it can` lift slightly, so as to permit thevpassage be-v tween the two of the filling after it has been passedaround the shuttle. attached to and moves with the traverse-bar e, andit overhangs the traverse rack-bar f.

In this overhan gin g part of the case is mountled a pinion 14, whichprojects through the bottom of the case and engages the rack-bar,Located above and eny gaging the pinion let is another pinion 15,;

yas seen'in Fig. 12.

mounted in the case 12, and fast on the axis of this pinion is a toothedwheel 16, which engages and drives a toothed wheel17, mounted lin theAi'ront part of the case 12, with a portion'of it projecting throughinto the openingl bounded by the yoke-like or jawed front portion of thecase 12, as seen in Figs. 12 and 10. This wheel, which is theinstrumentality -whereby the filling is carried around the shut- "tle,iscentered in the case 12 by annular side ribs 18, which enter conforminggrooves 19 in 'the interior of the case, the Wheel thus being held inplace in the case, While being 'free tojrevolve. Its axis 11 is locatedbetweenthe jaws at the front end of the case 12,

and it is on this axis that the shuttle is pivoted,fsaid shuttle forthis purpose being provided at its rear end with projecting arms 20,

The case 12 is which are hung on the axis 11, as'indicated plainly inFig. 15. For the purpose of taking the filling the wheel 17 at one pointon its periphery is provided with a filling-receiving notch 21, which isso deep that it extends inward toward the axis of the wheel to a pointbeyond the annular ribs 18. A'correspondingly-large tooth 22 (but not solarge as to reach the bottom of the notch) is provided on thedrivingwheel 16,Which engages the notch, so as to insure correspondenceof movement of the two wheels. At the time the filling by the operationof the filling-inserting needle and the cooperating movement of theshuttle is carried over the top and toward the rear of the shuttle thisnotch 21 is flush with the top of the shuttle, so that filling willenter it, (see Fig. 5,) and as soon as the filling does enter it theWheel 17 is at once caused to revolve in a directionand far enough tocarry the filling around the heel of the shuttle, the filling then beingdrawn off therefrom by the action of its own take-up, the lling-loopthus engaged with the selvagethread passing outv from the selvage-threadcarrier between the shuttle and the arm or support 13. In order toinsure this movement of the Wheel 17, the rack-bar f lmoves when theshuttle-carrier bar e is at rest-that is to say, after the shuttle orcarrier reaches its innermost position and pauses and the filling by thefilling-inserting needle has been drawn over the top of the shuttle andinto the notch 21 in the wheel 17 (see Fig. 5, where the filling isabout to enter the notch) the rack-bar f, which up to this time andduring the inward movement of the shuttlecarrier bar e has beenstationary, now moves inward a short distance, and consequently thewheel 17 will revolve in a directionl and far enough to carry thefilling-loop around 'wheel17 will revolve; but the parts are soproportioned and the length of the traverse of the bar eis such that atthe time the shuttle reaches its innermost position,Fig. 5,the notch 21will be in position to receive the illing.

In order to control and take up at the-desired time any slack in theselvage-thread, I

employ a selvage-thread controller consisting of a barj, Figs. 2 and 3,mounted'to slide in Ia bracket 7c, attached to any suitable part of theframe of the loom-as, for example, the breast-beam Z-and having on itsfront end a bent finger m, which abuts against the selvage-thread andserves to keep it taut and IOO IIO

, is beaten up and secured. in the fabric.

take up slack init as the lay'moves forward to beat up. The bar j iscontrolledby a'weight 23, which is attached to the bar by a strap 24,which passes over a pulley or roll on thc bracket lo in a direction toadvance the bar j toward the selvage-thread. The weight is sufficientonly to take up the slack, but not to draw on thread from theselvage-thread bobbin against the stress of the selvage-thread tension,and it is for this purpose that the controller is made yielding, so thatafter having taken up slack it may recede before the advancing lay. Theextent of longitudinal movement of the slack-controller is limited by apin 26 on bracket k, which engages a slot 27 in bar j.

In order to prevent the lling-loop from drawing upon the salvage-threadin the operation of taking up the filling and beating it up, I make use,in connection with each filling-inserting needle, of aiilling-loop-engaging needle n, mounted on the lay to reciprocate in thepath transverse to that of the filling-inserting needle, so that whenthe fillinginserting needle has carried the filling across the warptoengage the selvage-thread the lling-loop-engaging needle will rise intime to occupy a position where by the time the filling has been carriedaround the shuttle it will engage and hold the filling-loop until thelatter is beaten up. To more'effectually secure this end provisions aremade whereby the loop-engaging needle may move or be moved during thebeat-up toward the edge of the warp and also toward the reed, so that itmay hold the filling-loop and relievethe selvage-thread from allfriction or strain which might otherwise come upon it until the fillingIn this way a perfect and even fast-edge selvage is obtained withoutendangering the selvage-thread. To this end the filling-loop-engagngneedle n is mounted in-a bracket 28, hinged at 29 Lto a bar 30, so as tobe capable of moving to and from the reed and pressed away from the reedby a spring 3l. The bar 30 is mounted to slide vertically in guides 32on the lay and may be caused to reciprocate at the proper times by anysuitable means, in this instance by a rock-shaft 33, mounted on andcarried by the lay and having a slotted crank-arm 34, which engages apin 35 on the bar 30. The rock-shaft takes its movement from anysuitableactuating cam mechanism. I may also provide any suitable means formoving or permitting the needle n to move at the proper times to-andfrom the edge of the warp. The needle for this purpose can be made thinand elastic and of such length that under the stress of the weft orfilling take-up itcan duringthe beat up be drawn up close against theedge of the warp, or it may be hinged to its support in a position to bemovable to and from the edge of the warp and be provided with a springby which it is normally held away therefrom. The latter arrangement isclearlyillus- Vweight to drop to its original position.

trated in Figs. 2 to 9, inclusive. In Figs. 2 to 9 the vertical needleis .attached to a horizontal stem 35, mounted and capable of axialrotation in the bracket-arm 2S, thus permitting the needle to oscillateto and from the edge of the warp, and it is normally held away from theedge of the warp by a spring 36, The needle will thus rise at a distancefrom the edge of the warp and will therefore not be liable to becomeentangled therewith,while at the same time at the time of the beat upand while it is holding the filling-loop it can under the stress of thefilling take-up be drawn up against the edge of the vWarpto make a tightand even selvage. In this construction it is to be noted that thearrangement and disposition of the selvage-thread controller j are suchthat in taking up the slack it holds the thread parallel with the Warpand close to the Warp. (See Fig. 9.)

' To control the filling, I may employ any suitable take up and tensionmechanism. That which I prefer to use is shown diagrammatically in Figs.2, 4, 6, and 8 and in detail in Figs.`16 and 17, and in it it willbenoted that there is no spring of any kind employed. The spool fromwhich the filling isdrawn is shown at o, surrounded by a can or case 37.Through an eye 38 in the top or cover of the same the filling w passesout.. The iilling thence passes up to and between tensionblocks 39 40,one of which, 39, is vertically movable in ways 4l and rests by gravityupon the filling, which passes between it and the block 40 below. Frombetween the tensionblocks the filling passes up over a guide 42, thenceover the top of the upper and movable tension-block 39 to and over aguide44, and thence by suitable guides to the `filling-inserting needle.The filling between the tensionblock 39 and guide 42 is slack, and fromthis portion of the filling I suspend one or more weights 44, by whichthe slack' portion is held taut. The weight normally is far enough belowthe level of the tension-blocks to draw the filling down over the top ofthe tension-block 39 suliiciently to cause the latter to clamp and `bindthe filling tightly. Whenyhowever, in

the operation of the loom-as, for example, when the filling-insertingneedle is traversing the warp-shed-the slack filling between the points39 42 is drawn up, the weight 44 will be elevated, as indicated bydotted lines in Fig. 17, and in this position the iilling will exerciseless binding action on the tensionblock 39, consequently permitting thelatter to render enough of the filling to allow the This simple device Ihave found to be entirely efficient as a tension and take-up.

Such being the structural details of the loom embodying myinvention, theoperation thereot' will be described in connection with one1loom-section, it being understood that there may be as many of thesesections as desired and as customary in narrow-ware looms. The differentstages of one complete movement are IOO IIO

represented in Figs. 2 to 9, inclusive, w being the fill-ing and s beingthe selvage-thread. In Figs. 2 and 3 the lay is nearing the end of itsbackward movement from the fell of the fabric, the shed is beingformed,l the filling-in serting needle is in its outermost positionbeyond one edge of the Warp, the selvage-thread shuttle is in `itsextreme outermost position beyond the'opposite edge of the warp, and thefilling-loop-engaging needle is in its lowest position. The varyingposition of the take-up and tension device for the filling during one'complete movement is represented graphically in the several lfiguresand does not re-v quire detailed description. As the lay reaches itsrearmost position, Figs. 4 and 5, the fillinginserting needle has passedthrough the shed,

although not yet having completed its movement in this direction, theshuttle is in its extreme innermost position in the shed, the filling wis stretched transversely across the top the filling into the notch ofwheel 17. The

wheel then revolves to carry the filling-loop around the heel of theshuttle, and the fill-1 ing-loop-engaging needle rises into position toengage the filling-loop when the latter is cast off from the shuttle,and the lay beginsl to move forward. The parts are shown in The partslFurtherv this position in Figs. 6 and 7, with the fill-1 ing-insertingneedle partly Withdrawn fromi; the shed, the filling-loop-engagingneedlel raised and'holdin g the filling-loop, which has tension on thefilling, which causes it to draw the filling-loop-engaging needle up toand against the edge of the warp, where it remains until the moment ofbeat up, the added resistance of lthe warp threads preventing the`needle from further yielding, and as the reed approaches the fell ofthe cloth the needle also tilts or inclines on its hinge toward thereed, so as to allow it (the needle) to hold the filling-loop until t-hevery moment of beat up. The parts are shown in this position in Figs. Sand 9, Where the lay is in the act of beating up, the filling-insertingnee-` d le has fully Withdrawn from the shed, the

filling-engaging needle (inclined toward both the edge of the warp andthe reed) is about to Withdraw from the filling-loop, and theselvage-thread controller has straightened out and taken up the slack ofthe selvagethread.

It will be understood that While I prefer Athe special selvage-shuttleand operating either move the shuttle through the fillingloop or employmeans for carrying the fillingloop around theshuttle. The device-which Iemploy for this purpose-viz., the notched Wheel 17--is, in effect, arotary looper or hook analogous to vthat used in sewing-machines tocarry the needle-thread around the under or bobbin thread, and I shalltherefore term it looper in the claims.

It will be noted that the selvage-thread is underno injurious stress atany time and that all friction between it and. the filling and alldirect pull upon it by the filling, even up to the time of actual beatup, are avoided, while at the same time all of the threeinstrumentalities--the filling-inserting needle, the selvage-shuttle,and the iilling-loop-en gagingneedie-which coperate to this end are allof them mounted on and move with the lay, thus insuring rapidity andcertainty of operation. This feature I believe to be new with me beyondits structural embodiment hereinbefore set forth. I am thus enabled torun the loom rapidly without danger of breaking the selvage-thread or ofdrawing it into the fabric and to obtain in a fabric in which thefilling is laid in continuous loops au even uniform selvage and a fastedge.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim herein as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows:

l. In a loom, the combination substantially as set forth of thefollowing elements: a lay, a reed thereon, a lling -inserting needlemounted on, and movable lengthwise of, the lay,a selvage-thread shuttleor carrier mounted on the lay, means for engaging the filling with theselvage-thread, and a filling-loopengaging needle also mounted on thelay and movable in a .path transverse to that of the filling-insertingneedle to enter and engage the weft-loop and hold the same during thetakeup operation so as to free the selvage-thread from strain at thistime.

2. In a loom the combination substantially as hereinbefore set forth, ofthe following elements: a lay, a reed thereon, afilling-inserting needlemovable lengthwise of the lay, a selvage-thread shuttle or carrier,means for engaging the filling with the selvage-thread, alilling-loop-engaging needle, and provisions for moving saidfilling-loop-engaging needle toward the reed and the edge of the warp.

3. In aloom the combination substantially as hereinbefore set forth, ofthe following elements: a lay, a reed, mounted thereon, afilling-inserting needle mounted on and reciprocable lengthwise of thelay and entering the Warp-shed from one edge thereof, a selvagethreadshuttle also mounted on and reciprocable lengthwise of the lay andentering the Warp-shed from the opposite edge thereof, 'a looper carriedby and movable with said shut- IOS IIO

tle, and operating means whereby said looper is Caused to pass thefilling-loop around the shuttle.

4. The combination with the filling-inserting needle of theselvage-thread shuttle and its supporting-oase, the traverse-barCarrying the same, the looper mounted in said case, gearing for drivingsaid looper, and a traverse rack-bar engaging said gearing-thecombination being and acting substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

5. In a loom the combination substantially as herenbefore set forth ofthe following elements: a lay, a reed mounted thereon, afilling-inserting needle mounted on and movable lengthwise of the lay, alling-loop-engaging needle mounted on the lay and mov- In testimonywhereof I have hereunto set my hand this 28th day of February, 1900.

WILLIAM WEAVER.

Witnesses:

ALFRED M. SEAMAN, FREDERICK C. ROWLEY.

